1. Theory X

• Closely supervise health workers because management assumes staff dislike work and need constant monitoring.
• Enforce strict rules and disciplinary measures for lateness, absenteeism, and poor performance.
• Use rewards and punishments to motivate staff to complete their duties.

Theory Y

• Delegate responsibilities and trust staff to perform their duties independently.
• Involve health workers in decision-making, planning, and problem-solving.
• Motivate staff through recognition, training opportunities, and professional growth.

2. Encourage staff participation in decision-making and goal setting.

• Build trust by delegating responsibilities and recognizing good performance.

3. It increases staff motivation, job satisfaction, and commitment to patient care.

• It promotes teamwork, innovation, accountability, and improved service delivery.